Copper extraction is a pivotal component of modern metallurgical processes, underpinning the global demand for high-purity copper in electrical, construction and industrial applications. The ...

Historically, lithium has been produced using two approaches: hard rock mining of spodumene deposits, as seen at the ...

The extraction and recovery of niobium and tantalum are critical to meeting the growing demand for these strategic metals in advanced technological applications. Traditionally, both metals have been ...

Should you have feedback on this article, please complete the fields below. Please indicate if your feedback is in the form of a letter to the editor that you wish to have published. If so, please be ...