Background A 20-year-old male presented with a history of systemic hypertension. Examination revealed a systolic murmur with an early ejection click, and femoral pulses were markedly reduced.

Diastolic murmurs are graded on a scale of 1 to 4, while systolic murmurs are graded on a scale of 1 to 6. Often, grade 1 systolic/diastolic murmurs are not discernible to inexperienced clinicians, ...

A heart murmur is an extra sound that can occur between heartbeats as blood moves through the heart. In babies, it is usually not a cause for concern. Sometimes, however, it can indicate an underlying ...

Disease of the cardiac valves and other cardiac structures frequently results in abnormal, turbulent blood flow within the heart, causing murmurs. Careful auscultation of heart murmurs is an extremely ...

An aortic stenosis murmur is an unusual sound the heart makes due to a narrowing of the aortic heart valve. The narrowed heart valve restricts blood flow from the heart, which can create a murmur.